Introduction to Circuit Analysis

Circuit analysis is the process of finding the voltages across and currents through every component in a network.

Ohm's Law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, given the resistance remains constant. Mathematically, it's expressed as V = IR, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) states that the sum of currents entering a node equals the sum of currents leaving the node. This is a direct consequence of the conservation of electric charge.

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) states that the sum of all voltages around any closed loop in a circuit must equal zero. This is a consequence of the conservation of energy.

These fundamental laws, along with circuit theorems like Thevenin's and Norton's, form the basis of all circuit analysis techniques used in electrical engineering.